NSC224

If the supply of oxygen is insufficient, for example in actively contracting muscle, pyruvate is
converted into ________

2. Phosphofructokinase is most active when the cell needs both energy and _______

3. Fatty acids that contain and odd number of carbons are oxidized by

4. The phosphorylation of Glucose by ATP to form glucose 6-phosphate is catalyzed by _______

5. The key enzyme in the regulation of fatty acid oxidation is

6. The citric acid cycle was discovered by Hans krebs in

7. ________ molecules of CO2 is liberated in the citric acid cycle

8. The conversion of pyruvate to oxaloacetate is an example of _______ reaction

During the electron transferring process, large amount of energy is released and it is
conserved in the form of ATP. This process is called

10. Red blood cells cannot oxidize fat because they lack

11. Lysis of the RBCs may cause jaundice from increased ______

Phosphofructokinase is most active when the _________ needs both energy and building
blocks.

13. __________ is called the reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide

14. ________ is called the reduced form of flavine adenine dinucleotide

15. The conversion of glucose into ethanol is called _______

16. Fatty acids serve as a more efficient source of energy than carbohydrates

17. Reactions of _____ take place in the cytosol.

In actively contracting muscle, is converted into Lactate if the supply of
oxygen is insufficient

Two high-energy phosphate bonds (the equivalent of two ATPs) are consumed in the
activation of

In actively contracting muscle, pyruvate is converted into Lactate if the supply of
is insufficient

21. An enzyme that transfers a phosphoryl group from ATP to an acceptor is called a

22. Which of these made significant contributions to the elucidation of Glycolysis in 1940?

________ contain minor pathways that involve oxidation of fatty acids at the α- and
ωcarbons.

24. The total yield of oxidation of palmitate to CO2 and H2O is _______ ATPs

__________ occur as a result of overproduction of lactate, underutilization of Lactate or
inhibition of pyruvate dehydrogenase.

26. _______ and α-ketoglutarate are used in the synthesis of amino acids.

27. Glyceraldehydes 3-phosphate is an _____

28. Hans krebs received Nobel prize for the discovery of the citric acid cycle in

29. _________ is most active when the cell needs both energy and building blocks.

30. During fasting, the oxidation of fatty acids generates

In __________, TCA cycle takes place in the mitochondria because all the enzymes of the
cycle are located inside the mitochondria matrix.

32. Glycolysis is sometimes called the pathway

In aerobic organisms, glycolysis is the prelude to the cycle and the electron
transport chain

is the sequence of reactions that converts glucose into pyruvate with the
production of ATP.

35. ATP means

36. The second group is carotenoid found only in

37. The source of acetyl coA in the cytosol is

The sequence of reactions that converts glucose into pyruvate with the production of ATP is
called

39. Lysis of the RBCs may cause ________ from increased Bilirubin.

40. Reactions that replenish the intermediates in the TCA cycle are termed

In the mitochondrial matrix, fatty acyl CoAs are oxidized to acetyl CoA by a recurring 4 step
reaction sequence that cleaves successive two-carbon units off of the fatty acid chain. This
process is known as

42. In some anaerobic organisms, pyruvate is transformed into ethanol.

43. Pyruvate is transformed into ethanol in ______ organisms

44. A rare genetic defect of glycolysis causes _______

The function of the cycle at a particular time is determined by the energy conditions of the
cell referred to as an

The _________ is required to convert pyruvate (the end product of glycolysis) to Acetyl
CoA.

Under aerobic conditions, enters the mitochondria where it is completely oxidized
to CO2 and H2O.

48. During fasting, the oxidation of fatty acids generates

49. Ketone body synthesis occurs in the

The ________ is the final common pathway for the oxidation of fuel molecules (protein,
fatty acids and carbohydrates) to energy, carbon dioxide and water.