NSC216

The cochlear nerve joins the vestibular nerve to become the_____, which traverses the
internal acoustic meatus and enters the cranial cavity.

2. Rupture of the _____may result in hearing impairment.

3. The higher the frequency is, the higher the pitch.

4. MSG stands for_______

The auditory tube opens into the _____________ and enables air pressure to be equalised
between the outside air and the middle ear cavity.

Swallowing, yawning, chewing, and holding the nose and mouth shut while gently trying to
force air out of the lungs are methods used to open the______

7. Taste is mainly a function of the _____ in the mouth

8. How many taste buds do adults have?

The “hairs” of the hair cells consist of numerous microvilli, called stereocilia, and one cilium,
called a______.

10. Food served at the wrong ______ is perceived as distasteful.

11. The ______ is an air-filled chamber medial to the tympanic membrane.

The _____ stimulate action potentials in the sensory neurons which are conducted to the brain
where the sense of taste is perceived.

13. How many primary tastes have been identified in humans?

A ______ pathway allows the maintenance of visual fixation on an object while the head is in
motion.

The ______ is continuous anteriorly with the ciliary body, which consists of an outer ciliary
ring and an inner group of ciliary processes.

The fibrous layer consists of the sclera and cornea; the vascular layer consists of the choroid,
ciliary body, and_____.

17. A slight oscillatory movement of the eyes, called _____ occurs.

The ______ consists of interconnecting, fluid-filled tunnels and chambers within the temporal
bone called the bony labyrinth.

19. _____ is a complete loss of smell

The ______________ muscle is attached to the malleus and is innervated by the trigeminal
nerve
(V).

21. The external and middle ears are involved in ______only

_______________ of the inner hair cells by the nervous system stimulates the contraction of
actin filaments within the hair cells causing them to shorten.

The importance of taste lies in the fact that it allows a person to select _____ in accord with
desires

The cochlear nerve joins the vestibular nerve to become the_____, which traverses the
internal acoustic meatus and enters the cranial cavity.

The oval window is approximately ____________ times smaller than the tympanic
membrane.

26. Each taste cell has several microvilli, called ______

Olfactory neurons are ______ neurons with dendrites extending to the epithelial surface of
the nasal cavity.

28. Deflection of the _____ toward the kinocilium results in depolarization of the hair cell.

29. The inner ear contains the sensory organs for hearing and______.

30. The binding of tastants to receptors on the taste hairs activates ______

31. The ciliary ring and the base of the ciliary processes contain smooth muscle called_____.

32. Distortion of the ______ membrane can make sounds seem muffled and stimulate pain

33. There are _____ semicircular canals placed at nearly right angles to one another.

34. The _____ is the firm, opaque, white, outer layer of the posterior fivesixths of the eyeball.

The _____opens into the pharynx and enables air pressure to be equalised between the
outside air and the middle ear cavity.

36. The _____________ is attached to the medial surface of the tympanic membrane.

37. The _____ interprets the higher frequency of action potentials as a louder sound.

38. The sensory cells of each taste bud consist of about 50______.

39. Deflection of the hairs toward the ______ results in depolarization of the hair cell.

_____ neurons are bipolar neurons with dendrites extending to the epithelial surface of the
nasal cavity.

Each of the 10,000 taste buds on a person’s tongue consists of three major types of
specialised ______cells

_____ is associated with the semicircular canals and is involved in evaluating changes in the
direction and rate of head movements.

43. ______ can produce strong emotional reactions, memories, and other responses

The organs of hearing and balance are divided into three parts: the external, middle, and
_______ear.

45. The eyeball is composed of _____layers.

The fibrous layer consists of the sclera and cornea; the vascular layer consists of the_____,
ciliary body, and iris.

47. ___million olfactory neurons are present within the olfactory epithelium.

Airborne odorants become dissolved in the mucus on the surface of the epithelium and bind
to molecules on the membranes of the olfactory hairs called______

49. The _____________collects sound waves and directs them into the external acoustic meatus.

The ______ helps maintain the shape of the eyeball, protects its internal structures, and
provides an attachment point for the extrinsic eye muscles.