NSC224

1. Whenever the energy level of the cell is low, ________  is favoured

2. The phosphorylation of Glucose by ATP to form glucose 6-phosphate is catalyzed by _______

3. Hexokinase and Pyruvate kinase participate in regulating the rate of glycolysis.

Two high-energy phosphate bonds (the equivalent of two ATPs) are consumed in the
activation of

5. Pyruvate is transformed into ethanol in ______ organisms

Under conditions, pyruvate enters the mitochondria where it is completely oxidized
to CO2 and H2O.

7. _______ is the prosthetic group of two important TCA cycle enzymes

8. PK means _______

__________ occur as a result of overproduction of lactate, underutilization of Lactate or
inhibition of pyruvate dehydrogenase.

10. Fatty acids that contain and odd number of carbons are oxidized by

11. Glycolysis is sometimes called the pathway

12. __________ is called the reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide

13. ________ molecules of CO2 is liberated in the citric acid cycle

14. During fasting, the oxidation of fatty acids generates

15. The glycolytic pathway can be divided into _____ stages.

16. The conversion of pyruvate to oxaloacetate is an example of _______ reaction

The _________ is required to convert pyruvate (the end product of glycolysis) to Acetyl
CoA.

18. Hans krebs received Nobel prize for the discovery of the citric acid cycle in

19. The source of acetyl coA in the cytosol is

20. Fatty acids that are hydroxylated on the terminal carbon can undergo ω-oxidation.

Under aerobic conditions, pyruvate enters the where it is completely oxidized to
CO2 and H2O.

The function of the cycle at a particular time is determined by the energy conditions of the
cell referred to as an

23. ________ is called the reduced form of flavine adenine dinucleotide

In aerobic organisms, glycolysis is the prelude to the cycle and the electron
transport chain

25. The major source of oxaloacetate as the starting materials for the cycle is

26. Fatty acids that contain and odd number of carbons are oxidized by

Phosphofructokinase is most active when the _________ needs both energy and building
blocks.

Glycolysis is the sequence of reactions that converts glucose into with the
production of ATP.

In __________, TCA cycle takes place in the mitochondria because all the enzymes of the
cycle are located inside the mitochondria matrix.

30. Retinol is stored in the liver of animals as

31. ________ is the most frequent form of metabolic acidosis.

In aerobic organisms, _ is the prelude to the citric acid cycle and the electron transport
chain

_________ is a neurological and cardiovascular disorder is caused by a dietary deficiency
of thiamine

In actively contracting muscle, is converted into Lactate if the supply of
oxygen is insufficient

35. Red blood cells cannot oxidize fat because they lack

The electrons are transferred to oxygen, the final electron acceptor through a complex chain
of electron-carrying molecules known as the

37. Phosphofructokinase is an _______ enzyme

Phosphofructokinase is most active when the cell needs both ________ and building
blocks.

In the mitochondrial matrix, fatty acyl CoAs are oxidized to acetyl CoA by a recurring 4 step
reaction sequence that cleaves successive two-carbon units off of the fatty acid chain. This
process is known as

40. Two groups of compounds have vitamin A activity; The second group is

41. Vitamin A is heat stable but sensitive to

42. Red blood cells cannot oxidize fat because they lack mitochondria.

43. During fasting, the oxidation of fatty acids generates

44. The conversion of glucose into ethanol is called _______

45. Dihydroxyacetone phosphate is a ____

46. The sole purpose of the TCA cycle when it is

47. Reactions that replenish the intermediates in the TCA cycle are termed

Carotenoids are cleaved in the intestinal mucosa by carotene dioxygenase to yield retinal
which is reduced to

49. α -Oxidation occurs in the

50. Vitamin A is heat stable but sensitive to ultraviolet light (UV).